WHAT IS FAITH?

1. The just shall live by faith — this rule of life from Romans 1:17, is quoted over and again as resting at the core of Christian beliefs. But, what does it truly mean to live by faith?
   1. Martin Luther launched the Reformation by asserting the position that by faith the just receive eternal life as a gift from God, in believing that the blood of Christ was shed to cover the sins of the repentant, Romans 3:23–25; Galatians 3:11.
      
      
   2. An answer might be found at Romans 8:28, to live trusting God. And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. (Citations KJV unless indicated).
      1. In anguish the prophet Habakkuk (circa 609 B.C.) cried out to God over the destruction of Judah by conquest, seeing the violence and havoc wrought against the covenant people, Hab., chp. 1.
      2. God replied that the just shall live by his faith, 2:4; that the conqueror would be conquered, 2:7,8; and that the earth would be filled with the knowledge and glory of the Lord, 2:14.
      3. Habakkuk had to admit that God is sovereign and plans the events of life by divine wisdom, 3:1-12; that the people would have to be patient, 2:3; 3:16; while actually praising God for all that had happened, 3:18, cf. Romans 11:33–36.
      4. God had preserved a remnant of his people through the conquest. Their descendants would eventually rebuild the state, after purifying their ways. 600 years later, the Messiah would come from these people to offer salvation to the world. The details of God’s plan were not all for Habakkuk to know at the time, but as a believer he had to live merely trusting God.
      
      
   3. For the apostle Paul, to live by faith in actual experience meant a complete dependence on Christ and a total surrender to carrying out God’s will in life.
      1. Galatians 2:20: I am crucified with Christ; nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.
      2. For some Christians, to live by faith means to be consumed from within by the presence of Christ, to be directed by an inner spiritual power to act as Christ would in every circumstance of life.
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2. However, to understand what it means to live by faith, first it simply must be asked — what is faith?
   1. For hundreds of years the church has taught that faith is an intellectual exercise, that to have faith is to mentally assent to a statement of truth.
      1. Thus, faith even has been regarded as the reciting of formal creeds, such as the Westminster Confession of the Presbyterian Church, or the Formula of Concord of the Lutheran Church.
      2. Then, expressions of faith frequently are set by designed format, such as the rituals that the Book of Common Prayer outlines for the Anglican Church.
      
      
   2. However, the biblical passages which refer to faith never focus on the condition of the mind, but of the heart.
      1. Romans 10:10: For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
      2. Mark 11:23: For verily I say unto you, That whosoever shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that those things which he saith shall come to pass; he shall have whatsoever he saith.
      3. Proverbs 3:6,7: Trust in the Lord with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding. In all thy ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths.
      
      
   3. In the Bible the heart is a synonym for the spirit.
      1. Romans 2:29: But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit…, cf. Romans 7:22.
      2. I Peter 3:4: But let it be the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible, even the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which is in the sight of God of great price.
      
      
   4. Some knowledge is apprehended by the mind through information perceived through the senses of the flesh — sight, sound, taste, touch, smell.
      1. Knowledge that is derived from the flesh becomes quite extensive, leading to sophisticated philosophies of life, scientific discoveries, or complex legal systems.
      2. The everyday world view utilized from this knowledge is what the Bible refers to as living in the flesh. (Note Romans, chp. 8).
      3. When such a world view leaves out God completely, a way of life is created that depends on pride, ambition, selfishness, greed, pleasure, and power, although outwardly it appears to be cultured and scientific.
      
      
   5. However, some knowledge is given to the believer by God, Spirit to spirit.
      1. John 3:6: That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
      2. I Corinthians 2:5,10,14: That your faith should not stand in the wisdom of men, but in the power of God…But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit…But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.
      3. I Corinthians 14:14: For if I pray in an unknown tongue, my spirit prayeth, but my understanding is unfruitful.
      4. II Kings 6:17: And Elisha prayed, and said, Lord I pray thee, open his eyes, that he may see. And the Lord opened the eyes of the young man; and he saw, and, behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire round about Elisha.
      5. Acts 16:14: And a certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, which worshipped God, heard us: whose heart the Lord opened, that she attended unto the things which were spoken by Paul.
      
      
   6. Faith is relying on what is known by the spirit.
      1. II Corinthians 5:7: For we walk by faith, not by sight. Romans 8:5: For they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh; but they that are after the Spirit the things of the Spirit.
      2. Faith is not inconsistent with logic, but it is based on what can be discerned by the spirit rather than the intellect. However, spiritual knowledge is rational, and even though it is not created by methods of logic, it can be verified by logical thinking.
      3. Scripture is the greatest revelation of spiritual knowledge, as well as the guide and authority to all that can be known by the Spirit.
      4. To contrast worldly knowledge with spiritual, consider the following two examples.
         1. The Old Testament legal code was based on spiritual knowledge from God. Many other legal systems existed in 1500 B.C., which were based on human knowledge. In comparison, biblical Law has been shown by scholars to be the most loving and fair for its time.
         2. Modern legal codes are based on formal logic and complex social theories. However, a person knows intuitively when a legal system violates a natural sense of justice, which stems from spiritual discernment through the conscience.
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3. To live by faith is to live by what is known in the Spirit.
   1. When the believer focuses on the will of God — imitating Christ, denying self, learning Scripture, the Holy Spirit takes control of the human spirit, and faith becomes not just an inner knowing but an inner force.
      1. Thus, all three answers from section I. A., B., C. (page 58), of this outline are a part of living by faith.
      2. Salvation is received by believing on the blood of Christ, and the human body is transformed into the temple of the Holy Spirit. By the walk of faith, the believer learns to trust God completely in every circumstance. Then, the person of faith becomes surrendered to and consumed by Christ, until every action in life seems to be controlled by an inner spiritual power.
      
      
   2. Eventually, a believer comes to know that God has a unique plan for every person, which only can be carried out by faith.
      1. Psalm 139:13–16: For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb. I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well. My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place. When I was woven together in the depths of the earth, your eyes saw my unformed body. All the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be, (NIV) — cf. Psalm 40:7,8; Proverbs 3:5,6, (the latter quoted at II. B. 3., page 59).
      2. The goal of God’s plan for the believer’s life is to be conformed to the image of Christ. Romans 8:29: For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son….
      
      
   3. While each one of us tries to understand and to realize an individual life plan, God moulds our character, just as the potter artistically shapes clay into a beautiful vessel.
      1. Isaiah 64:8: But now, O Lord, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; and we all are the work of thy hand, cf. Isaiah 29:16; 45:9; Jeremiah 18:6; Romans 9:21.
      2. Hebrews 12:6,11: For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth…Now no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but grievous; nevertheless afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness, unto them which are exercised thereby.
      
      
   4. To live by faith successfully requires perseverance.
      1. At the 11th chapter of Hebrews, the apostle Paul demonstrates the nature of faith by emphasizing that all major characters of the Bible fulfilled God’s plan for their lives by overcoming adversity.
      2. Hebrews 11:32-34:…the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets; Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens.
      3. At Luke 11:5–12, Jesus presents a parable on the value of persistence in prayer, and then says — . …Ask, and it shall be given unto you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you, cf. Matthew 7:7–11.
      4. With a similar parable at Luke 18:1-8, Jesus teaches — And shall not God avenge his own elect, which cry day and night unto him, though he bear long with them?
      5. The apostle Paul indicates the essence of perseverance, when he wrote after two years of imprisonment — I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me, Philippians 4:13. To carry out God’s will successfully requires an unrelenting faith.
      
      
   5. In working out a life plan, the believer also learns to apply by faith the truth of general biblical principles to individual circumstances. Some examples are —
      1. The universe is based on a moral order, and obedience to God brings blessings, Deuteronomy, chp. 28.
      2. Events occur in life according to specific times and procedures, Ecclesiastes 3:1; 8:5,6.
      3. God holds his followers accountable for how they use resources given to them, Matthew 25:14–30.
      4. God’s will and righteousness must be sought before material blessings, Matthew 6:33; I Kings 3:5–13.
      5. As we sow, so shall we reap, II Corinthians 9:7,8.
      6. God opposes the proud, James 4:6,10.
      7. Unforgiveness leads to defeat, Matthew 6:12–15.
      8. Strife and envy brings confusion and evil works, James 3:16.
      
      
   6. Relying on faith is crucial to overcome demonic opposition to the believer’s life.
      1. I Peter 5:8: Be sober, be vigilant, because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour.
      2. Ephesians 6:12,16: For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places…Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.
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4. In what way does faith have miraculous power?
   1. Although perseverance is essential to fulfill God’s will for our lives, to live by faith also witnesses great power.
      1. Hebrews, chp. 11, in stressing perseverance, also points out the miraculous events occurring to those who did not draw back from following God, such as parting the Red Sea, raising the dead to life, or stopping the mouths of lions.
      2. Mark 11:23, (quoted at II. B. 2., page 59), notes that by faith mountains can be cast into the sea.
      3. At Acts 1:8, Jesus promises his followers that they would receive power from the Holy Spirit to be his witnesses throughout the world, and the book of Acts records many miracles which occurred in spreading the Gospel message, 3:1-9; 5:12–16; 8:5,6; 9:32–43; 14:6–11.
      4. I Corinthians 12:10, notes that the working of miracles is a gift of the Holy Spirit given to some believers, cf. Acts 5:14,15; 19:11,12.
      
      
   2. Miraculous power was always associated with Christ’s ministry on earth.
      1. Matthew 9:27–30 — when two blind men cry unto Jesus for healing, he asks, Believe ye that I am able to do this? He touches their eyes saying, according to your faith be it unto you.
      2. Mark 10:46–52 —from a roadside in Jericho, blind Bartimaes cries out to Jesus for mercy, and he asks, what wilt thou that I should do unto thee? The blind man responds, that I might receive my sight, and Christ says, Go thy way, thy faith has made thee whole.
      3. Matthew 8:2–4 — a leper says to Jesus, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean; and Christ responds, I will, be thou clean.
      4. Luke 5:18–26 — a man with palsy is lowered through a roof of a building to obtain access to Christ. And when he saw their faith, he said unto him, Man, thy sins are forgiven thee. Cf. Matthew 9:2 — another case of healing palsy by referring to the forgiveness of sin.
      5. Mark 5:25–34 — a woman with an issue of blood for 12 years forces her way to Christ through a throng of people to touch the hem of his garment, thereby being healed. Immediately, Christ calls about to see who had drawn virtue from him. The woman falls at his feet, trembling and confessing the truth. He responds, Daughter, thy faith has made thee whole.
      6. Matthew 15:21–28 — Jesus refuses to heal the daughter of a woman from Canaan, as his ministry is to the lost sheep of Israel. When she persists in her request, he says, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt.
      7. Luke 7:1–10 — by messenger, a Roman centurion requests healing for his servant, and being so strong in faith, but feeling unworthy, he later sends word for Christ not to come and step into his house, but to merely give the command.
      8. Matthew 13:58 — in his own country, Jesus does few miraculous works due to the lack of faith of the people.
      9. John 7:31 — many people believe in Christ because of his miracles, cf. 11:45–12:11.
      
      
   3. However, the basis for manifesting miracles is a mystery. There are no formulas to bring about supernatural power, but Scripture does indicate some general principles associated with moving God.
      1. Most biblical miracles came to those who were asking, seeking, knocking. Matthew 7:7/Luke 11:9,10: Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you. (Cf. James 4:2:…yet ye have not, because ye ask not).
      2. God responds to faith. The Canaanite woman and the Roman centurion had no doubts, but they knew, that they knew, that they knew, cf. Matthew 14:31; 17:14–21; Mark 11:23; Hebrews 10:38; 11:6.
      3. Biblical miracles usually overcome a problem caused by demonic opposition for those who persevere. Note at Mark 5:24–34 (IV. B. 5, page 63), the woman with the issue of blood struggled 12 years before she was healed. Cf. I John 5:4 — faith is the victory that overcomes the world.
      4. Requests to God must be within a person’s life plan and consistent with general biblical principles. I John 5:14,15 — God hears us when we ask for anything according to his will. James 4:3 — the believer receives not, when asking with wrong motives. I John 3:22 — we receive what we ask because we keep God’s commandments.
      5. Miracles are often associated with extending the kingdom of God and teaching spiritual truth. Note the Baptism of the Holy Spirit was given, that the disciples would have power in preaching the kingdom, Acts 1:8.
      6. Christ did promise that his followers would do even greater works than he did, John 14:12–14. Still, Christ only could accomplish what he witnessed from God. John 5:19,21:…The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do…For as the Father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom he will.
      7. The key to understanding how miracles occur seems to rest in their purpose and timing. The Red Sea had to be parted for the Israelites to escape the Egyptian army. The question on the possibility of miracles is whether God has a reason for one at a certain point, or whether present circumstances accomplish his will in some way as they are.
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5. Faith is not a device for obtaining the big blessing from God.
   1. And the preacher asked, “who will walk on water with me?”
      1. Some believers seek a Christian self-help manual for the easy blessing, that avoids the hassle of spiritual warfare or bearing a cross.
      2. By focusing on isolated Bible passages, it is not difficult for popular preachers to promise something more in life, simply by following a basic spiritual formula. The most common examples are —
         1. Plant money as seed in a ministry. Then, God will cause a great spiritual blessing to be reaped. The more money sown, the more bountiful is life’s harvest.
         2. Think positive thoughts about your circumstances. Envision the outcome you want until it actually happens.
         3. Words have power. Confess any desire you have into reality.
      3. However, the believer’s first desire should always be to live in the will of God. Matthew 6:33: But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you, cf. I Kings 3:5–13.
      4. In following Christ’s example, Peter walked on water, Matthew 14:23–32, but most Christians since then have not. Christ walked on water to overcome a problem in being separated from his disciples at sea. This situation did not arise from poor planning on Christ’s part, but actually to teach his disciples a lesson on who he was and how they could follow in his steps. However, the incident is not recounted in the Bible to encourage believers to undertake fantastic stunts.
      5. God does have something more for his followers, which comes about as we realize his will and his plan for our lives. Ephesians 3:20: Now unto him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power that worketh in us.
      
      
   2. Today, teachers from the extremely popular Faith Movement incorrectly assert that the essence of faith is confession. (This group also is known by the label Name It and Caim It).
      1. These teachers especially focus on the words of Mark 11:23, he shall have whatsoever he saith, noting that say/saith is repeated three times in this verse.
      2. This movement’s position on faith can be summarized in a nutshell as follows.
         1. Confession of the lordship of Christ is the heart of the Gospel, according to Matthew 10:32,33; Romans 10:10.
         2. Confession is faith’s way of expressing itself, and faith’s confession creates reality. There is no faith without confession, and faith grows with confession.
         3. By confession of faith, a person can have whatever is stated. It is God’s will for believers to be prosperous and at the top rung of the ladder.
         4. The majority of Christians are weak, because they make a wrong confession, that of defeat and failure. Doubt robs the believer of God’s blessings.
         5. A formula for faith is to confess a scripture that coincides with whatever is desired.
      3. However, if faith is relying on what is known in the spirit, then faith confirms reality, rather than creating it.
         1. Our faith does not create Christ as our savior: it confirms Christ is our savior.
         2. Our faith does not create God’s will for us: it confirms our life is being shaped according to the will of God.
      4. Mark 11:23, refers to removing mountains, rather than fulfilling desires, as it assumes believers are trying to carry out God’s will in life, against which no obstacles may prevail for those who have faith.
      5. In A Different Gospel, by D.R. McConnell, pp. 8–12, it actually has been demonstrated that the father of the Faith Movement plagiarized his ideas from writings based on Christian Science.
      6. Although the Faith Movement arose within Pentecostal and Charismatic circles, it must be distinguished clearly from Classical Pentecostalism, which traces its theology directly to the Azusa Street Revival, and which forms the basis for this outline.
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6. Faith Movement teachings are not consistent with a complete overview of the Bible.
   1. Faith is not presumption. (See Bibliography below)
      1. During the temptation of Christ, Luke 4:1-13, Satan actually utilizes Name It and Caim It tactics of persuasion, but Jesus is careful to stay within the will of the Father.
         1. Knowing Christ is fasting, Satan suggests, if you are the Son of God, say unto this stone that it should become bread, (according to a literal translation of the Greek). Yet, Christ does not presume to exercise power over the physical world beyond the precise guidance of the Father, noting man does not live by bread alone but by every word of God.
         2. At verse 4:10, Satan even quotes Psalm 91:11, as a basis for a sensational way for Christ to begin his ministry, by jumping 170 feet off the pinnacle of the temple, to land in the outer square unscathed. But again, Christ does not presume to overrule the Father’s exact plan for how the role of the Messiah should be accomplished.
      2. When God had ordered that the Israelites must wander in the wilderness, due to their lack of faith in refusing to follow his directive to conquer the promise land, the people then repented of their sin. Afterward, they decided to focus again on God’s promise for a land of milk and honey, and despite the warning of Moses, they presumed to undertake the conquest, Numbers 14:39–45. They were defeated, cf. Deuteronomy 1:43–46.
      3. Saul lost his kingdom due to his presumption that he could perform the duties of a priest, I Samuel 13:8–14.
      4. Just as the prophet who presumed to speak in the name of God when not commanded was condemned to die, Deuteronomy 18:20, believers must be careful not to merely presume their personal desires are God’s will, or they may direct their path in life against the wisdom of God.
      
      
   2. Confession is the evidence of what a person believes in the heart, in spirit, which does not alone create reality.
      1. Luke 6:45: A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaketh, cf. Matthew 12:33–37.
      2. Romans 10:10: For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
      3. Although Matthew 10:32,33, states salvation depends on confessing Christ before others, Matthew 7:21–23, notes that not everyone who says unto Christ, “Lord, Lord,” or who even prophesy or perform miracles in his name shall have eternal life, but only those who do the will of the Father.
      4. Proverbs 18:20,21, notes that life and death are in the power of the tongue, but this is a poetic expression, to be taken figuratively, just as Matthew 5:29, warns it is better to pluck out an eye or cut off a hand to prevent sin, rather than suffer its consequences.
      
      
   3. Did Jesus create problems for himself and his followers by a wrong confession?
      1. Matthew 20:28 — Christ explains that he came to give his life as a ransom for many.
      2. Matthew 5:11; John 16:33 — Christ foretells of tribulation and persecution for his followers.
      3. John 21:18,19 — Jesus states that death by crucifixion awaits Peter, his disciple.
      4. Matthew 26:39 — before his crucifixion, Christ prays not his will but the Father’s should be done.
      
      
   4. Was the apostle Paul weak and defeated because of wrong confession?
      1. Acts 20:22–26 — Paul tells the elders at Ephesus that prison and affliction await him in Jerusalem, but he would continue on the course of the ministry Christ gave him.
      2. I Corinthians 4:10–13 — Paul confesses to being a fool, weak, despised, hungry, naked, reviled.
      3. II Corinthians 12:7–9 — Paul confesses he has been given a thorn in the flesh, (which may have been eye disease, cf. Galatians 4:13-15: 6:11).
      4. Colossians 1:24 — Paul confesses to joy in suffering.
      5. I Thessalonians 3:4 — Paul notes he had predicted the persecution he suffered.
      
      
   5. Many biblical passages are not consistent with Faith Movement theology.
      1. II Kings 20:1–22:18; 24:1–4; Isaiah, chps. 38,39 — King Hezekiah is not willing to accept the time of his death and by prayer receives 15 more years of life, during which time he fathers Manasseh, who almost destroys Israel.
      2. Job 1:21,22 — the Lord gives and the Lord takes away, but his name should always be blessed.
      3. Daniel 10:2,3,10–14 — only spiritual warfare delays the answer to Daniel’s prayer, not a lack of confession.
      4. Matthew 10:38,39 — the believer must take up the cross to follow Christ and find life by loosing it.
      5. I John 3:22,23 — We receive whatever we ask for in prayer, as we keep God’s commandments, believe in Christ, and love one another.
      6. Acts 16:6–10 — When Paul attempts to go to Asia to preach, he is forbidden by the Holy Spirit, but then he follows God’s guidance to Macedonia.
      7. Romans 12:3–8 — we should not think on ourselves too highly, but according to the measure of faith given by God.
      8. Romans 14:17 — the kingdom of God is not meat and drink but righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.
      9. I Corinthians 12:9,10 — faith, healing, and miracles are gifts of the Holy Spirit.
      10. Galatians 5:22 — faith is a fruit of the Spirit.

For many centuries theologians attempted by systems of logic to prove the existence and nature of God. Then, arguments arose from philosophers in efforts to use nature to disprove the possibility of God. Finally, in the 19th century it was agreed by the academic community that the truth concerning whether or not there is a God cannot be established by logic.

As God can be accepted only by faith, so the rejection of God is based merely on a belief in something else, which actually cannot be confirmed in the physical world. Thus, in a sense everyone has faith in something.

Bibliography

This outline constitutes a chapter from Only The Essentials: Clear and Simple Outlines on Complex Theology. Copyright 2001 by Montgomery Paul Webb. All rights reserved. However, permission is granted solely to private individuals to make ten copies of any disc containing this book, to include whatever other publications are available therein from the Church of the Love of Christ, for distribution to friends and acquaintances, on the conditions — 1. that the entirety of the contents of the disc is copied;— 2. and that absolutely no change, addition, or omission is made.

From printed material, photocopies only of any chapter can be made privately by individuals for distribution to friends and acquaintances, on the conditions — 1. that the entirety of the chapter is copied and distributed, including the pages of the chapter rendering the name The Church of the Love of Christ, the author’s name, and the copyright notice; — 2. and that absolutely no change, addition, or omission is made.

Chapter outlines include — What Is the Bible? | Can God Be Known? | Who Is Jesus Christ? | Who Is the Holy Spirit? | What Is the Trinity? | What Is the Kingdom Of God? | What Is Faith? | What Is Holiness? and What Is the Law of the Spirit of Life in Christ Jesus? | What Is the Church? | New Testament Giving and Prosperity. | What Is Spiritual Warfare? | Can Anyone Understand Predestination?

Additional chapters include — A Second Call to Reform and the Philosophy of the Church of the Love of Christ. | The Constitution of the Church of the Love of Christ.

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